Water Quality Assessment of Urban Lakes in Bhopal: A Physico-Chemical Study
Dr. Shyam Sundar Patel
Published in IJMEER (Vol. 1, Issue 2, July 2026) · Pages 63-74 · ISSN: 3139-6003 · DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21809155
Abstract
Urbanization, untreated sewage discharge, and anthropogenic pressures threaten freshwater ecosystems in Central India. This study evaluated the physico-chemical water quality parameters of Upper Lake (Bada Talab) and Lower Lake (Chhota Talab) in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, across pre-monsoon, monsoon, and post-monsoon seasons. Parameters including pH, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), nitrate, phosphate, and heavy metals were analyzed. Lower Lake exhibited severe eutrophication and high BOD levels exceeding CPCB standards.
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